For most users Ubuntu comes with most standard features included or easily installed. However I find myself often doing a lot of internet searches to find and fix some of the more advanced features. Fortunately, there are a lot of intelligent individauls that add insight into the software features and capabilities.
Here is my attempt to join those ranks with my “How to install Oracle 11g Release 2 on Ubuntu 10.04” post. I put this together in one place because I had to use a number of different sources to get it all right, and I hope this one source will help others. Good Luck!
PREPARATION
Download and Extract the Oracle binaries:
Follow this link to obtain the Oracle 11g Release 2 binaries. It’s free, but you have to register on the Oracle website to download it
After download is complete
sudo su –
mkdir -p /media/database
cd /media/database
unzip /<path-to-zip-file>/linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip /<path-to-zip-file>/linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
Ensure Ubuntu is in order:
Install Required Packages
sudo su –
apt-get install build-essential
apt-get install libaio1
apt-get install libaio-dev
apt-get install libmotif3
apt-get install libtool
apt-get install expat
apt-get install alien
apt-get install ksh
apt-get install pdksh
apt-get install unixODBC
apt-get install unixODBC-dev
apt-get install sysstat
apt-get install elfutilsi
apt-get install libelf-dev
apt-get install binutils
apt-get install lesstif2
apt-get install lsb-cxx
apt-get install lsb-rpm
apt-get install vim-runtime
apt-get install vim
apt-get install ssh
Manually install deb package to avoid error “linking …ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk”:
This download will change version number over time – browse this directory and modify code below to match most recent release
libstdc++5_3.3.6-<##>ubuntu1_i386.deb
cd /tmp
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gcc-3.3/libstdc++5_3.3.6-24ubuntu1_i386.deb
dpkg-deb -x libstdc++5_3.3.6-24ubuntu1_i386.deb ia-libs
cp ia-libs/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.5.0.7 /usr/lib
cd /usr/lib
ln -sf libstdc++.so.5.0.7 libstdc++.so.5
cd /tmp
rm *.deb
rm -r ia-libs
Create needed objects:
To avoid error invoking target ‘idg4odbc’ of makefile:
ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename
To avoid errors when executing the post-install root.sh script:
ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
Modify Kernel Parameters:
Make a backup, then modify the sysctl.conf configuration file:
cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.original
echo “#”>> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “# Oracle 11gR2 entries”>> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “fs.aio-max-nr=1048576” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “fs.file-max=6815744” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “kernel.shmall=2097152” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “kernel.shmmni=4096” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “net.core.rmem_default=262144” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “net.core.rmem_max=4194304” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “net.core.wmem_default=262144” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “net.core.wmem_max=1048586” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo “kernel.shmmax=2147483648” >> /etc/sysctl.conf
Load new kernel parameters:
sysctl -p
Adjust security limits configuration file:
Make a backup, then modify the limits.conf file:
cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.original
echo “#”>>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo “# Oracle 11gR2 shell limits:”>>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo “oracle soft nproc 2048”>>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo “oracle hard nproc 16384”>>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo “oracle soft nofile 1024”>>/etc/security/limits.conf
echo “oracle hard nofile 65536”>>/etc/security/limits.conf
Adjust login file:
Make a backup, then modify the login file:
cp /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login.original
echo “#”>>/etc/pam.d/login
echo “# Oracle 11gR2 entries:”>>/etc/pam.d/login
echo “session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so”>>/etc/pam.d/login
echo “session required pam_limits.so”>>/etc/pam.d/login
Create Oracle Groups and Accounts:
sudo su –
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -m -g oinstall -G dba oracle
usermod -s /bin/bash oracle
passwd oracle
groupadd nobody
usermod -g nobody nobody
Create Oracle Directories:
i.e. /u01/app for Oracle software and /u02/oradata for database files
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
mkdir -p /u02/oradata
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory
chown oracle:oinstall /u02/oradata
chmod 750 /u01/app/oracle
chmod 750 /u01/app/oraInventory
chmod 750 /u02/oradata
Install the Oracle Software
Start the Oracle Universal Installer
Login as the Oracle user with below command – do not use ‘su’ command
ssh -Y oracle@192.168.x.y (or ssh -Y oracle@localhost or ssh -Y oracle@<server-name>)
cd /media/database
./runInstaller
The following screens are displayed:
Provide required email address.
Choose ‘Create and Configure Database’
Choose ‘Desktop Class’
Defaults work fine here.
I modified the ‘Software Location’ to be more meaningful (ora11gdb instead of dbhome_1)
I modified the ‘Global Database Name’ to be more meaningful (ora11g01 instead of orcl)
You will need to provide a password that complies to Oracle standards
Check the ‘Ignore All’ checkbox
Click ‘Finish’
Let Oracle eat…
…and eat
…and eat
Yum!
Database Config Complete, Click ‘OK’
Follow Oracle’s provided instructions, Click ‘OK’
Click ‘Finish’
Now we will create a startup script:
sudo su –
vi /etc/init.d/oracledb
Cut and paste below code into /etc/init.d/oracledb file (change ORACLE_HOME if needed)
#!/bin/bash
#
# /etc/init.d/oracledb
#
# Run-level Startup script for the Oracle Listener and Instances
# It relies on the information on /etc/oratab
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/ora11gdb
export ORACLE_OWNR=oracle
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
if [ ! -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart -o ! -d $ORACLE_HOME ]
then
echo “Oracle startup: cannot start”
exit 1
fi
case “$1” in
start)
# Oracle listener and instance startup
echo -n “Starting Oracle: “
su $ORACLE_OWNR -c “$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start”
su $ORACLE_OWNR -c “$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME”
touch /var/lock/oracle
echo “Oracle DB Startup OK”
;;
stop)
# Oracle listener and instance shutdown
echo -n “Shutdown Oracle: “
su $ORACLE_OWNR -c “$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop”
su $ORACLE_OWNR -c “$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME”
rm -f /var/lock/oracle
echo “Oracle DB Shutdown OK”
;;
reload|restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
*)
echo “Usage: `basename $0` start|stop|restart|reload”
exit 1
esac
exit 0
Make startup script executable and tell the OS we want it started at boot time:
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/oracledb
update-rc.d oracledb defaults 99
Example Output
update-rc.d: warning: /etc/init.d/oracledb missing LSB style header
Adding system startup for /etc/init.d/oracledb …
/etc/rc0.d/K99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
/etc/rc1.d/K99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
/etc/rc6.d/K99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
/etc/rc2.d/S99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
/etc/rc3.d/S99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
/etc/rc4.d/S99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
/etc/rc5.d/S99oracledb -> ../init.d/oracledb
Adjust Oracle’s Profile
Add oracle SID to profile as default value
sudo su – oracle
echo “#”>>/home/oracle/.profile
echo “# Set Oracle 11g default entries:”>>/home/oracle/.profile
echo “export ORACLE_SID=ora11g01”>>/home/oracle/.profile
echo “. oraenv”>>/home/oracle/.profile
. oraenv
Test the new Database:
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Aug 27 22:42:15 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
———
27-AUG-11
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 816054272 bytes
Fixed Size 1339600 bytes
Variable Size 499126064 bytes
Database Buffers 310378496 bytes
Redo Buffers 5210112 bytes
SQL> alter database mount;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> select sysdate from dual;
SYSDATE
———
27-AUG-11
SQL> create table sys.delete_me (a number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into sys.delete_me values(25);
1 row created.
SQL> insert into sys.delete_me values(94);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select * from sys.delete_me;
A
———-
25
94
SQL> drop table sys.delete_me;
Table dropped.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Now we make it start on boot:
vi /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database Configuration Assistant when creating
# a database.
# A colon, ‘:’, is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, ‘#’, are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME::
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , “Y”, or should not,
# “N”, be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
ora11g01:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/ora11gdb:N
Change the N at the end of the line to Y
ora11g01:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/ora11gdb:Y
Execute startup script:
/etc/init.d/oracledb stop
Shutdown Oracle:
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 – Production on 27-AUG-2011 22:51:21
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The command completed successfully
Processing Database instance “ora11g01”: log file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/ora11gdb/shutdown.log
Oracle Shutdown OK
/etc/init.d/oracledb start
Starting Oracle:
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 – Production on 27-AUG-2011 22:51:32
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/ora11gdb/bin/tnslsnr: please wait…
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 – Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/ora11gdb/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/grant-laptop/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
————————
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 – Production
Start Date 27-AUG-2011 22:51:32
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/ora11gdb/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/grant-laptop/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary…
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
Processing Database instance “ora11g01”: log file /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/ora11gdb/startup.log
Oracle Startup OK
Now after every reboot the database will automatically be started
Also, don’t forget to check out: https://localhost:1158/em